Counsel for the frontier of computation

Intellectual property, diligence and licensing for cryptography, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence and big data, from lawyers and researchers who read the papers before they write the claims.

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Practice

Patent strategy and commercial counsel for advanced technology.

  1. Standards and IP Strategy

    We track the research, standards, and patent record around post-quantum cryptography, then advise on freedom-to-operate, contribution strategy, and portfolio positioning for implementations and products.

    Standards and IP Strategy
  2. Patent Portfolios

    We identify patentable advances in ongoing research and product work, draft claims that survive examination and diligence, and build portfolios that support financing, licensing, and acquisition in cryptography, AI, and security.

    Patent Portfolios
  3. IP Due Diligence

    We evaluate whether a portfolio’s claims are defensible, whether ownership is clean, and whether the IP actually supports the product and the deal thesis—from seed review through M&A in AI, cryptography, and data systems.

    IP Due Diligence
  4. Licensing and Transactions

    We structure technology licenses and joint development agreements, handle the IP side of M&A and financings, and resolve founder and inventor ownership questions so the rights transfer cleanly.

    Licensing and Transactions

Post-quantum · research into standards

The state of post-quantum standardization

New cryptography moves through years of public evaluation before becoming a standard. Our analysis tracks NIST’s candidate fields, algorithm selections and published post-quantum standards.

We built PQScope to connect that process to the research, people, organizations and patent disclosures behind it.

  • Encryption / key establishment
  • Digital signatures
  • Reductions in candidate entries

Ribbon width shows the number of candidate entries.Ribbon width shows candidate counts. Tap a milestone for its breakdown. Dates mark evaluation stages.

The original NIST competition2017–2025 selections
The original NIST competition: 69 accepted → 26 round 2 → 15 round 3 → 5 selected. Outcomes as of 2026-10-26: 3 final standards; 2 selected, not final.−43 entries−11 entries−10 entries3Final standards1 key · 2 signatures2Selected, not final1 key · 1 signature69Accepted201726Round 2201915Round 320205Selected2022–2025
3 final standards2 selected, not final
The next wave: additional digital signatures2023–2026 evaluation
The next wave: additional digital signatures: 40 accepted → 14 round 2 → 9 round 3. Outcomes as of 2026-10-26: 8 active candidates; 1 withdrawn.−26 entries−5 entries8Active candidates0 key · 8 signatures1Withdrawn0 key · 1 signature40Accepted202314Round 220249Round 3May 2026
8 active candidates1 withdrawn
2022–2025 · Selected: 5 candidate entries2 key establishment · 3 signatures · 10 fewer than the prior stage

Snapshot: · PQScope by CipherLaw

Counts and sources

Counts describe candidate entries at milestones, not proposed standards or deployment. Gray branches show reductions, including mergers, withdrawals and non-advancement. Spacing shows stages, not elapsed time.

The original NIST competition
MilestoneDateKey establishmentSignaturesTotal
Accepted2017492069
Round 2201917926
Round 320209615
Selected2022–2025235
Final standards2026-10-26123
Selected, not final2026-10-26112
The next wave: additional digital signatures
MilestoneDateKey establishmentSignaturesTotal
Accepted202304040
Round 2202401414
Round 3May 2026099
Active candidates2026-10-26088
Withdrawn2026-10-26011

Inspect the schemes and current statuses in PQScope ↗

Team

Research

All research

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Contact usinfo@cipher.law